Energy Efficient Buildings For Iraqi Climate
This seminar topic presented by Ammar Wahab from MSc Housing (Refer Figure 1). The problem in Iraqi is climate change and energy crisis. Climate Change happen because of extra heat is kept in the air by reenhouses gases because of human activities. Iraqi climate are hot dry summer and cold rainy winter. In Basra temperature could reach 51 degree Celsius in summer and -7 degree Celsius. The energy comsumptionin Iraq 48% goes for building (Ibrahim, 2008)(Refer figure 2).
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| Figure 1: Presenter is Ammar Wahab |
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| Figure 2: Energy Consumption in Iraq. Source: Ibrahim, 2008. |
The strategies to get energy efficiency divided to three way. Firstly from architecture design. The building design have the courtyard is good for the house design such as Traditional house in Basra (Refer figure 6). It can protect the house from direct sun radiation enter to the house. It also give the good wind flow to this building so can give the better energy efficiency because the building not absorb to much heat from solar in daytime. The best orientation for the house design is the north and the south sides as glazed increasing energy efficiency in the building because can reduce the artificial lighting. Increasing of overhang length achieve the energy efficiency for cooling but it increasing the energy consumption for heating (Refer figure 3 & 4). The colour of houses also give the impact for the building. The dark colour more absorb the solar heat rather than the light colour (Refer figure 5). Solar energy used in the housing in Iraq such as PV solar, panel battery, electric and converter can be sustainable resource on energy but it also strongly depending on geographical location.
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| Figure 3: Shading in traditional Iraqi House in Baghdad . Source: www.skyscrapercity |
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| Figure 4: Shading in Basra House . Source: looklex.com |
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| Figure 5: Light Colour of House in Basra, Iraq. Source: www.panoriamio.com |
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| Figure 6: Courdyard in Baghdad House. Source: www.h-net.org |
The mitigation strategies to get best solution give responsible to designer to choose the material which require less energy to produce the house. for example if used the clay brick for the house wall it less K-Value than cement brick and concrete. The clay brick absorb less solar radiation and release faster heat from the building in compared with cement brick that release the heat slowly in night (Refer figure 7 & 8). Professional institutions also should providing guides and establishing committee to give guidance on sustainable structure and design.
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| Figure 7: Clay brick. Source: www. nachi.org |
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| Figure 8: Cement Brick. Source: www.gergsconstructiontlc.com |
